3/17/2024 0 Comments Data dredging sociology![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() The majority of neuroscience experiments include some type of inferential statistical analysis, where conclusions are reached based on the distance between the observed results from some hypothetical expected value. This information should be a requirement for all publications. Pseudoreplication can undermine the conclusions of a statistical analysis, and it would be easier to detect if the sample size, degrees of freedom, the test statistic, and precise p-values are reported. 12% of papers had pseudoreplication and a further 36% were suspected of having pseudoreplication, but it was not possible to determine for certain because insufficient information was provided. ResultsĪ single issue of Nature Neuroscience provided a number of examples and is used as a case study to highlight how pseudoreplication arises in neuroscientific studies, why the analyses in these papers are incorrect, and appropriate analytical methods are provided. Analysis of such data without taking these dependencies into account can lead to meaningless results, and examples can easily be found in the neuroscience literature. This can occur when there are multiple observations on the same subjects, when samples are nested or hierarchically organised, or when measurements are correlated in time or space. Pseudoreplication occurs when observations are not statistically independent, but treated as if they are. ![]()
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